Earthquake and Earthquake Resistant Houses
Seismic event that occurs every day in Padang broadcast on NHK in the morning news, noon, night. We are located in Japan can not say anything to see the destruction of an extremely severe.
Indonesia 7.8-scale quake was roughly equal to 5 scale earthquake in Japan, my friend said. Please note that the scale measuring earthquakes in Japan and in Indonesia is different. In Indonesia using the Richter scale.
An earthquake in Japan measured by the intensity of symptoms and the damage incurred, while in Indonesia measured by the energy arising from the earthquake.
Broadly speaking there are two types of seismic measurements, which is based on the magnitude and intensity. Measurements based on the magnitude is usually done using the Richter scale. According to an earthquake of this scale will not reach the scale of 9.5M. The earthquake followed by tsunami in Aceh in 2004 was 9.3 M.
The measurement is based on the intensity introduced by many scientists among them Giuseppe Mercalli (Mercalli scale), Fusakichi Omori (Omori scale), Rossi-Forrel scale, etc.. Comparisons between each scale based on the intensity can be seen here.
Measurement of the earthquake in Japan using the Omori scale, which consists of 7 tingkatan.Pengukuran Omori earthquake with a scale called Shindo (震 度). Scale 1 there is a small earthquake is only felt by people at rest. The scale of 2 to 4 also does not cause damage means. Scale 5 usually goods began to fall, and symptoms are somewhat worse, cracked or collapsed buildings is the scale of 6 and scale of 7.
So the earthquake in Padang has recently seen the symptoms in fact including Shindo 7, but the measurement Omori it can only be used for symptoms of an earthquake that occurred in Japan with the assumption that the building is made earthquake-resistant of all. Therefore earthquake in Padang when juxtaposed with the possibility Omori scale equivalent to Shindo 5. But when juxtaposed with the Kobe earthquake of 7.3 M scale, the earthquake in Padang perhaps the same as the Kobe earthquake.
Yesterday me and two friends went to Nagano in order to learn together. We happened to stay at home Sensei a wooden structure. Then, while watching earthquakes in the ground water through the TV screen, we discuss about the houses in Japan.
If you look at some traditional Japanese houses and wooden structures are generally one level. Modern homes today most of unstructured stone / cement. If intend to rent a room / apartment in Japan, then there are usually three criteria, namely mansion, apato (apartments) and Kobo. Mansion is usually structured building stone / cement and shall meet the standard for building earthquake resistant buildings. Apartments there are two types, structured stone / cement, or a mixture. There are earthquake resistant, there is not. While Kobo usually a mixture of structured and generally less robust. Of course the rental price depends on the type of building.
Regulations on standards of buildings (earthquake resistant) issued in 1971 and revised in 1980. But as reported here a lot of buildings that remain robust in the face shock of 7 on the Richter scale. Regulations on building highly tightened standards for buildings in the form of public facilities, such as schools, hospitals, hotels, shopping centers, offices, etc..
Recently in a town in Aichi (I forget his name), city governments do re-checking people’s homes, especially old houses, and urged the people to rebuild in accordance with earthquake resistance standards. Apparently this is very hard because the cost of building a house is not a cheap thing.
The houses are recognized earthquake-resistant wooden structures and not only that, the model and the position of the building also includes things that need attention. Science about this may need to be distributed by the seismologists and architecture. Although weight and will be costly, the Indonesian government should start helping the people to build settlements even simple but meets the criteria of earthquake-resistant.
We could also discuss about the wooden houses on the islands of Sulawesi and Sumatra, the famous firm (especially those built with ironwood). Traditional homes like that it seems to disappear in the urban areas in Indonesia, and there is a tendency among people of European-style building houses. While in Japan, traditionally the hallmark of being retained in each house. Although probably not be fundamental in the construction of earthquake resistant houses, but perhaps need to retain traditional values in a housing development in the homeland.